Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive form of hip surgery in which an orthopedic surgeon creates access points for arthroscopic needles, scalpels or other special surgical tools to examine or treat the inside of the hip joint and surrounding soft tissues. During the procedure, a small camera called an arthroscope is inserted into your hip joint through small incisions, usually about 1 cm, thereby avoiding large cuts as compared to a conventional open surgery. The camera is connected to a video monitor that relays the detailed pictures of the hip joint. The surgeon can now directly observe the inside of the joint, evaluate numerous key anatomic structures and helps verify the safe placement of other specialized instruments. This exploratory surgery allows the hip replacement surgeon to diagnose the cause of hip pain or other joint problems that is creating discomfort for the patient.

Hip Arthroscopy may be recommended for hip conditions that do not respond to non-surgical treatment. Hip arthroscopy may be recommended as treatment for the following conditions.

• Hip impingement (femoroacetabular impingement)
• Labral Tears
• Removal of loose fragments of cartilage inside the hip joint

Limitations:
Hip Arthroscopy is case dependent and if the extent of damage is more, then its outcomes are doubtful therefore proper planning with the help of investigations, X rays and MRI is mandatory.

A total hip replacement is a surgical procedure whereby the diseased cartilage and bone of the hip joint is surgically replaced to relieve the patient of hip is discomfort. If the hip has been damaged by arthritis, a fracture, or because of heavy impact; performing regular activities may become painful and difficult. One will find stiffness in the hip, and discomfort while walking, or bending and perhaps even while resting. Hip replacement surgery is commonly advised when:

• Hip pain that limits everyday activities and impairs overall quality of life, such as walking or bending
• Hip pain that continues while resting, either day or night
• Stiffness in a hip that limits the ability to move or lift the leg
• Inadequate pain relief from anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, or walking supports

Total hip replacements are performed most commonly because of:

• Progressively worsening of severe arthritis in the hip joint. The most common type of arthritis leading to total hip replacement is osteoarthritis of the hip joint. The most common cause of chronic hip pain and disability is arthritis. Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and traumatic arthritis are the most common forms of this disease
• Avascular necrosis (Osteonecrosis)
• Childhood hip disease

In Hip Replacement Surgery, the surgeon removes the damaged sections of your hip joint and replaces them with parts usually constructed of metal, ceramic and very hard plastic. This artificial joint or prosthesis helps reduce pain and improve function. The prosthetic components could either be ‘press fit’ into the bone or they may be cemented into place. Based on a number of factors, such as the quality and strength of your bone, the orthopedic surgeon will decide to press fit or to cement the components or use a combination of both.